{"tumour":"Colorectal cancer","groups":[{"how":"IHC or molecular","tests":[{"biomarker":"MMR/MSI","method":"MMR IHC (MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, MSH6) or MSI by PCR/NGS","result":"deficiency","cut_offs":[],"medicines":["Ipilimumab","Nivolumab","Pembrolizumab"],"only_tumour_agnostic":false}]},{"how":"Molecular","tests":[{"biomarker":"BRAF","method":"DNA sequencing (NGS or PCR)","result":"V600E, mutation","cut_offs":[],"medicines":["Cetuximab","Encorafenib"],"only_tumour_agnostic":false},{"biomarker":"RAS","method":"KRAS and NRAS sequencing (exons 2, 3, 4)","result":"must be negative (absent)","cut_offs":[],"medicines":["Cetuximab","Panitumumab"],"only_tumour_agnostic":false}]},{"how":"Tumour-agnostic approvals","tests":[{"biomarker":"NTRK","method":"Pan-TRK IHC to screen; confirm by RNA-NGS","result":"fusion","cut_offs":[],"medicines":["Entrectinib","Larotrectinib","Repotrectinib"],"only_tumour_agnostic":true},{"biomarker":"EpCAM","method":"IHC or cytology","result":"positive","cut_offs":[],"medicines":["Catumaxomab"],"only_tumour_agnostic":true},{"biomarker":"HER2","method":"IHC; 3+ required","result":"IHC 3+, positive","cut_offs":[],"medicines":["Trastuzumab deruxtecan"],"only_tumour_agnostic":true},{"biomarker":"RET","method":"RNA-NGS or FISH","result":"fusion","cut_offs":[],"medicines":["Selpercatinib"],"only_tumour_agnostic":true}]}],"dataset":{"version":"52f637a50d","ema_data_of":"2026-11-05","checked":"2026-11-05","notice":"EU label indications from EMA product information (SmPC section 4.1), generated by AI and not reviewed by a person. A non-commercial reference for education and research, not medical advice; the current SmPC takes precedence."}}